Android is an operating system based on the popular open-source operating system - Linux and as such it is, in many ways it reminds us on Linux Android OS is primarily designed as an OS for mobile devices (primarily precursor smartphones or PDAs) with touch screen, but very quickly and easily spread to tablets that are conceptually very similar to a smartphone. By nature, Android is open-source and the code is published under the Apache License. The license is allowing manufacturers and service providers and individual users to freely modify and distribute the software. The Android originated. Inc., and the founders are: Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears and Chris White. Android OS is an initial developer of the eponymous company under the financial patronage of Google, which in 2005 bought Android Inc..
In 2007 Google presented first Android Beta SDK (Software Development Kit) designed in the first instance Java developers to work on the development of its Android applications.
On the 23rd of September 2008 Google published the first official version of Android called "Android 1.0" and it was introduced on the HTC Dream (G1). The first Android phone was sold in October 2008.
9 February 2009 The day came when the first update for the T-Mobile G1 came and it is known as Android 1.1 (code name "Petite Four" - internally, but never officially). Otherwise, the code names Android versions follow the alphabetical arrangement whereby there is no Android version starting at the letter "A" and "B" are mentioned although some versions before the official names of these letters.
30th April 2009 Unveiled Android 1.5 known under the code name "Cupcake"
Cupcake was the first significant version of Android from the very beginning, because it significantly expanded the scope of features and functionality to this version. In the first place there is the possibility of recording and reproducing video and first camcoder from Android applications, and the ability to Upload Gooogles services such as Youtube, Picasa, and many upgrades to the integration of wireless transmission and Bluetooth. On the visual side is important to emphasize that the Cupcake presented the UI (User Interface), and which is still used in a modified form on Android devices, such as widgets and folders on the homescreen, various animations and full keyboard.
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| Desktop view of Android Cupcake |
15th September 2009 Android released 1.6 known as "Donut"
Donut continued today already distinctive style of giving code names Android versions on different sweets, however Donut introduces many upgrades such as layout applications for imaging, video recording and galleries. Also introduced is support for high resolution devices, search, and generally speaking improved search experience. On this version first appeared and Google's "turn-by-turn" navigation software as well as the "text-to-speech" software or reading texts (in English). Applications developed with the aim of using multiple points of contact (multitouch input) the first time it has been usable on Android 1.6.
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| Desktop view of Android Donut |
26th October 2009 -Android 2.0 codenamed "Eclair"
Android Eclair offers a lot of advantages that have shaped Android, and therefore most closely resembles what we use today. Although Donut and Eclair now occupy approximately 3% share in the Android devices historically very important for innovations that are introduced. Eclair is the most oriented to the user interface and nice work with the Android device which was first seen on applications for the integration of contacts and accounts (primarily Google account) with an Android device. Built-in support for Exchange Protocol exchanged e-mails, as well as improvements related to the camera, or the flash, digital magnification, white balance, and macro focus. Let us mention that in Eclair appeared some function Calendar and Google Maps as well as support for Bluetooth 2.1 and live wallpapers.
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| Desktop view of Android Eclair |
3rd December 2009. and 12 January 2010. The dates are the release dates of Android SDK 2.0.1 and 2.1.
20th May 2010 Android 2.2 was released under the name "Froyo"
Given that it is still on Android version 2, Froyo quite resembles his younger brother Eclair. With Froyo, Android introduced some new extras like tethering (sharing of Internet connection via Android devices) with up to 8 access points, multilingual support for the virtual keyboard as well as a fast switching languages, additional optimization work with Bluetooth devices, support for desktop chargers and of course faster and more comfortable working environment experience working with Android devices.
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| Desktop view of Android Froyo |
6th December 2010 - Android 2.3 ("Gingerbread")
Gingerbread is probably the best known and most widely used current Android OS (47.6%). Although it is still under the Gingerbread version of Android 2, we can see a lot of elements that stand out from that concept. It is also important to note that the latest version of Android Gingerbread is strictly meant for phones / smartphones. Environment related to the Gingerbread is very simplistic compared to the previous version of Andorid and improved in terms of access speed and functionality of applications. Gingerbread brings a more natural way of working with a virtual keyboard and copy / paste functions. As for the media, in this version is also provided strong support for the use of both cameras which has (front and rear). As for the hardware, Gingerbread greatly reduces the consumption of the battery which makes it more energy efficient than its predecessor. Working with OS memory resources also improved. For the first time Android supports the NFC (Near-Field Communication), although a very small number of devices owned NFC during this period. Note also support for a barometer, gyroscope, and linear accelerators and rotation.
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| Desktop view of Android Gingerbread |
22nd February 2011 - Android 3.0 ("Honeycomb")
Honeycomb is the first and also the last Android OS designed exclusively for tablet devices. Android versions 3.0 and 3.1 have brought a lot of new things in the way of Android and the way in which manufacturers install hardware and software, and rapid development of tablet device. The version 3.0 features optimization in development environment for tablets, the system bar, action bar, variable homescreen, the list of recently used applications, a redesign of the keyboard for faster and more accurate input. Synchronization of media files via USB, support for physical keyboards that connect via Bluetooth or USB, Honeycomb brings support for multi-processors and support for high-performance 2D and 3D graphics. Android 3.1 made more improvements, stable and very useful OS for tablets, in which is important to mention: work with USB peripherals, expanded list of used apps, widgets non-fixed size, stability WiFi connection and the possibility of WiFi connection in "sleep mode, direct application access to the system SD card contents, universality of application screens with different resolutions.
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| Desktop view of Android Honeycomb |
19th October 2011 -Android 4.0 ("Ice Cream Sandwich")
Ice Cream Sandwich is the first Androids universal OS that combines tablets and smartphones under one roof. This has contributed to more rapid development of applications that would work on different devices and different platforms completely equal. Most improvements are related to optimization of the device compatibility with this version of Android as well as some graphic modifications. It stands out among others and has control data traffic on lockscreen action, rapid response to calls, NFC sharing files, unlock using Face and support for WiFi Direct.
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| Desktop view of Android Ice Cream Sandwich |
9th July 2012th and 29 October 2012 - Android 4.1 and 4.2 ("Jellybean")
The current version of the Android OS - Jellybean brings improvements to the touch response and transitions, additional options on the notification bar, instant preview photos you have taken, USB audio, Google Wallet and support for multiple users on tablet devices, Sphere Photo Shoot mode (360 stairway vertically and horizontally), incorporated gestures for typing (like Swype), screensavers (known as Daydream), widgets, etc.
In the future there will be a version of Android 5.0, codenamed "Key Lime Pie"( expectations we can only guess). Surely, is that Android as a mobile platform is growing day by day and has already exceeded the figure of 500 million activated Android devices in the third quarter of 2012.
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